Disease

Motor neurone disease (MND) is characterized by weakness and wasting of muscles leading to uncontrolled muscle spasms and stiffness, usually starting in the hands and arms, then the legs, and affecting breathing and swallowing. MND is caused by the degeneration of the nerves within the central nervous system. Although the nerve degeneration cannot be controlled, some therapies can help to reduce disability. It is commonly fatal within two to four years, but some people may live much longer.

Treatment

Physiotherapy may help keep the muscles supple and working.

Yoga and Tai chi

These help in heightening awareness of the body and controlling breathing patterns and pain.

Massage This can help with muscle tone as well as having a general thera­reutic effect.

Diet and Nutrition There is also increasing evidence that antioxidants - vitamins beta carotene, C and E - and the trace element selenium, can have positive results on MND. Foods that are high in antioxidants include red grapes, red onions, and raw or lightly cooked dark, leafy regetables. Injections of vitamin B12 have also proved beneficial.

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